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The importance of green mulch to keep the soil alive and active

Atualizado: 26 de ago. de 2021

An interview with one of the greatest Solo specialists, Afonso Peche


It is the fall season and in agriculture it is time to think about the cultivation of cover crops and the importance of a protected soil to combat erosion.


March 22 was World Water Day and we know that only those who take care of these goods, which are soil and water, thrive, that's why we conducted an interview with the Researcher, Doctor and Agronomist of the Agronomic Institute of Campinas (IAC), Afonso Peche, an expert in the area, explained how to conserve our greatest wealth, the soil, using the KATRINA Roller Crimper, an INDUTAR product that guarantees the concept of living soil in rolled areas.



1 - HOW TO DEFINE THE IMPORTANCE OF CORRECT SOIL MANAGEMENT?

R: Management can be defined as the set of activities that structure the soil to provide ideal environments for the full productive development of crops. The importance of correct management is due to the fact that it influences fundamental factors such as technology optimization, cost reduction and income increase.


2 - WHAT ARE THE MAIN COVER CROPS USED?

A: We can classify them into three groups:

- Summer plants: legumes such as sunn hemp, mucuna and pigeon pea; grasses such as brachiaria, panicuns, corn and sorghum in addition to other species such as sunflower and castor bean.

- Autumn plants: millet, sorghum, off-season corn, turnip and some cultivars of brachiaria and panicuns, sunflower and turnips.

- Winter plants: oats, barley, lupine, wheat, buckwheat, rye...


3 - WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE IN ROLLING AN AREA OR NOT? WHAT IMPACT DOES IT HAVE?

A: The rolling operation is the most suitable to provide a wide coverage of the ground and an excellent condition for the good functioning of seeders, in addition to an efficient control of the undergrowth. When the management of the cover is not carried out by rolling, it increases the difficulties for adjusting the cut and closing the furrow by the seeder. In addition, the possibility of an early incidence of weeds increases.


4 - HOW CAN THE COVERING AND ROLLING PROCESS BRING IMPORTANT RESULTS TO COMBAT EROSION?

Soil cover is the main practice in erosion control. Fundamental for tropical environments like the Brazilian cerrado. Rolling is the operation that best qualifies the cover as a conservation practice, in addition to resulting in a regular and uniform cover, it provides greater durability of the plant cover on the soil surface.


5 - ALLYING THE OPERATIONAL TECHNOLOGY THAT IS THE CASE OF THE ROLLER CRIMPERS BRINGS BENEFITS TO THE GROUND, WHAT ARE THEY?

A: We can highlight the benefits of thermal stability and protection against the direct impacts of heavy raindrops. Furthermore, the good coverage associated with crop rotation significantly improves the biological activities of the soil.


6 - IS IT CORRECT TO SAY THAT WITH THE USE OF KATRINA THERE IS A REDUCTION IN THE CONSUMPTION OF HERBICIDES?

A: Yes, we can confidently say that Katrina is operated properly in a phytomass condition.


7 - SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE, SOIL PROTECTION, UNIFORMITY AND DECOMPOSITION DYNAMICS, CAN WE DARE TO SAY THEY ARE SYNONYM?

A: Sustainable agriculture is a type of agriculture that brings productive environments to a CONDITION of ecological balance and continuous maintenance of productive capacity. Soil protection and uniformity are basic premises of sustainable agriculture. Decomposition dynamics is a set of physical, chemical and biological activities that are heavily influenced by coverage and rolling. These practices, when properly carried out, lead to the “dynamics of decomposition” occurring in a balanced way, thus increasing the productive capacity of the soil and also enhancing the effects of the technologies used in crops.

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